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KMID : 0365220210580020059
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Korean Journal of Public Health
2021 Volume.58 No. 2 p.59 ~ p.69
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Analysis of Vaccine Hesitancy through Game Theory and Policy Suggestion for Accomplishing Herd Immunity
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Roh Do-Hyun
Lee Hyun-Sung
Jung Min-Seo
Kang Hyun-Uk
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Abstract
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The world has entered an unprecedented phase because of COVID-19. Many countries have implemented quarantine policies such as social distancing to prevent the spread of COVID-19. However, simply social distancing cannot solve the COVID-19 situation, so the formation of herd immunity through vaccination is needed. Each country intends to achieve herd immunity by vaccination policy, but it is facing difficulties due to the anti-vax movements. The Anti-vax movement is a type of social dilemma which is explained in the framework of game theory consisting of actors who are vaccinated and actors who avoid vaccination. According to the models, from the standpoint of unvaccinated people, it is rational not to be vaccinated if they can avert the risk of side effects from vaccination through vaccination avoidance and bandwagon for herd immunity. In particular, as it approaches achieving herd immunity, social pressure on vaccine evaders decreases, increasing the incentive to avert vaccination. Therefore, it was confirmed that if the cumulative vaccination rate exceeded a certain level, the marginal vaccination rate was felt. To this social dilemma, this paper proposes mandatory vaccination and reviews domestic and foreign laws and precedents to check the legal logic of mandatory COVID-19 vaccination.
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KEYWORD
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COVID-19, Vaccination, Game theory, Herd Immunity, Public Policy
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